Vatican II is a theological reform movement that took place in the Catholic Church post-WWII, reflecting changes in the world as former colonies became independent and during which many saw the rise of authoritarian dictators. The Church became increasingly involved in issues of social justice and poverty, emphasizing a shift away from dogma and towards a direct engagement with social justice. Vatican II and its “liberation theology” profoundly impacted not only the Catholic Church, but Protestant churches as well.
